In Illinois, owning or purchasing firearms or ammunition requires a Firearm Owner’s Identification (FOID) card, issued by the Illinois State Police. Without it, you cannot legally buy or possess firearms or ammunition, whether you’re a hunter or a first-time owner.
This guide covers everything you need to know about Illinois FOID cards: how to apply, eligibility, costs, restrictions, required documents, and application timelines. It also explains whether minors can qualify and what can disqualify an applicant. If you’re planning to purchase a firearm or pursue concealed carry training, understanding the Illinois FOID card is your first step.
What Is an Illinois FOID Card and Why Is It Required?
A FOID card, short for Firearm Owner’s Identification, is a mandatory card for Illinois residents who want to buy, own, or possess firearms and ammunition.
The Illinois FOID card was created as part of Illinois state law to regulate firearm ownership and ensure that individuals who possess guns are legally eligible. It does not grant the right to carry a concealed firearm; instead, it is a prerequisite for firearm possession. To conceal carry, you’ll also need a concealed carry license (CCL).
For more information about where Illinois permits are recognized, check our Illinois Concealed Carry Reciprocity Map & Gun Laws.
How Do I Apply for an Illinois FOID Card?
The FOID card application process is completed through the Illinois State Police (ISP). Applicants must:
- Visit the Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau portal.
- Create an account or log in.
- Complete the FOID card application form.
- Upload a passport-style photo.
- Pay the required fee.
- Submit fingerprints if required (optional for FOID, but mandatory for concealed carry).
Applicants can also apply by mail, but online applications are generally faster and more reliable.
Eligibility Requirements for a FOID Card
To qualify for a FOID card, you must meet the following requirements:
- Age: At least 21 years old.
- Minors (under 21): May apply with parental or guardian consent, provided the parent or guardian is eligible to possess a FOID card.
- Residency: Must be a resident of Illinois with a valid driver’s license or state ID.
- Background Check: Applicants must pass a criminal and mental health background check.
If you’re planning to purchase a firearm in Illinois after getting your FOID, be sure to read our complete guide: How to Buy a Gun in Illinois.
Documents You Need to Apply
To apply, you must have a valid Illinois driver’s license or state ID, along with a passport-style headshot photo. Ensure your payment method is ready to cover the application fee, as this will be required to complete your submission.
If you are under 21 years of age, a notarized parental consent form will also be necessary. Be sure to gather all required documents before starting your application to ensure a smooth and efficient process. Proper preparation will help avoid any delays or complications.
What Can Disqualify You From Getting a FOID Card?
Several factors can prevent you from obtaining a FOID card, including:
- Felony convictions
- Domestic violence convictions
- Active orders of protection
- Certain drug-related convictions
- Dishonorable discharge from the U.S. Armed Forces
- Mental health restrictions, such as being declared mentally unfit or institutionalized
These rules are designed to promote safe and responsible firearm ownership in Illinois.
How Much Does an Illinois FOID Card Cost?
An Illinois FOID card costs $10, plus a small processing fee. This fee is separate from other expenses related to firearm ownership, such as the cost of firearms, ammunition, and training courses.
If you plan to apply for a concealed carry license in the future, approved training courses are often required. Understanding these costs helps ensure responsible firearm ownership and allows you to budget for these expenses.
FOID Card Processing Time
Illinois law mandates that FOID applications be processed within 30 days. However, due to high demand and administrative backlogs, processing times can be longer.
It’s advisable to apply well in advance of any firearm purchase or use. Similarly, submit renewal applications early to prevent lapses in validity.
Can Minors Apply for an Illinois FOID Card?
Minors under 21 can apply for a FOID card if they meet specific requirements. They must have a parent or legal guardian who holds a valid FOID card and provide written consent from that parent or guardian.
These rules ensure minors participating in activities like hunting or shooting sports can legally possess firearms under proper supervision, promoting safety and compliance with state laws.
Restrictions With an Illinois FOID Card
The FOID card only permits firearm and ammunition possession; it does not allow concealed carry. If you wish to legally conceal carry, you’ll need a separate Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL).
For more details about concealed carry laws and training options, check out our Illinois Concealed Carry Classes.
Renewing Your FOID Card
In Illinois, FOID cards must be renewed every 10 years to legally possess firearms and ammunition.
To renew, submit an application through the Illinois State Police (ISP) online system, upload an updated photo, and pay the renewal fee. Once your FOID card expires, you cannot legally own, purchase, or acquire firearms or ammunition until you receive a new card.
To avoid legal complications, apply for renewal well before your card expires, as processing times can vary. Planning ahead helps ensure a smooth renewal process.
Common Questions About FOID Cards
Am I eligible if I have a misdemeanor?
Some misdemeanors, such as certain domestic violence convictions, can disqualify you. Others may not. Each case is reviewed individually.
What documents do I need?
At minimum: Illinois state ID, passport photo, and application fee. Minors must add parental consent.
What if I move out of Illinois?
Your FOID card becomes invalid once you’re no longer a resident of Illinois.
How does FOID relate to concealed carry reciprocity?
The FOID card is a prerequisite for firearm ownership in Illinois, while reciprocity maps apply to concealed carry permits. See our reciprocity map for Illinois.
Final Thoughts: FOID as Your First Step in Responsible Gun Ownership
The Illinois FOID card is a cornerstone of lawful firearm ownership in the state. From eligibility requirements and application steps to costs and restrictions, understanding this process helps ensure you stay compliant and responsible.
For those planning to continue beyond ownership into concealed carry, the FOID card is only the beginning. Concealed Coalition provides trusted Illinois concealed carry classes and resources that prepare you for the next stage of firearm responsibility.
Whether you’re seeking safety, training, or legal knowledge, Concealed Coalition is here to guide you every step of the way.
